日誌
漸凍人終極治療5(組織中缺少膠原蛋白造成神經不興奮)
導讀：
漸凍人終極治療4(組織中缺少膠原蛋白可能造成組織變硬的證據)
(由以下可知缺少膠原蛋白不是造成組織變硬，是造成缺少膜興奮性【即誘發動作電位 (APs) 和定期放電能力】)
Membrane depolarization increases subexcitability, via changes to the electrochemical gradient for K+.通過改變 K+ 的電化學梯度，膜去極化增加了亞興奮性。
ALS mouse model studies disclosing a global reduction of Na+/K+-ATPase activity [92], leading to an increase in intracellular Na+ ion concentration [89],
ALS 小鼠模型研究揭示了 Na+/K+-ATPase 活性的整體降低 [92]，導致細胞內 Na+ 離子濃度增加 [89]，
Separately, neuronal hypoexcitability has been reported in motor neuronal cell lines derived from patients with ALS,
另外，據報導，源自 ALS 患者的運動神經元細胞系存在神經元低興奮性
Activation of the Na+/K+-ATPase by interleukin-2
IL-2 激活 Na+/K+-ATP 酶
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Interestingly, IL-1 increased Na+/K+-ATPase expression on the cell surface, whereas less was found in the intracellular fraction (Fig. 4F).
有趣的是，IL-1 增加了細胞表面的 Na+/K+-ATPase 表達，而在細胞內部分中發現較少（圖 4F）。
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視障是因為免疫力太差(建議善存+茶+維他命C+香蕉+優酪乳+咖啡，阿斯匹靈)
告訴我們：
IL-10、IL-2、IFN-r都可產生去極化
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再加上
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
肌萎縮側索硬化症（ALS）
IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐5 and IL‐10 were not detected in CSF or
serum from the ALS patients
在ALS患者的CSF或血清中未檢測到IFN-γ，TNF-α，IL-2，IL-4，IL-5和IL-10
extracellular matrix (ECM)
細胞外基質 (ECM)
Furthermore, the proportions of cells on ECM substrates showing membrane excitability, i.e.evoked action potentials (APs) and the capability for regular firing, were significantly greater
ECM 基質上表現出膜興奮性（即誘發動作電位 (APs) 和定期放電能力）的細胞比例明顯更高。
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Collagen is a major abundant fibrous protein in the extracellular matrix.
膠原蛋白是細胞外基質中主要豐富的纖維蛋白。
Collagen can stimulate cell attachment and intracellular communication between some kinds of cells[12,13].
膠原蛋白可以刺激某些細胞間的細胞附著和細胞內通訊[12,13]。
It can initiate a number of cellular processes, including activation of some receptors and induction of various gene transcriptions in nerve cells[14]. A previous study has shown that neural stem and progenitor cells derived from embryonic tissue, cultured on collagen matrices, are able to expand actively and generate neurons and neurites with developed neuronal polarity[15].
在膠原基質上培養，能夠積極擴張並產生具有發達神經元極性的神經元和神經突[15]。
Some experiments have suggested the strong chemotropism of growing neurites and axons in the presence of collagen[18].
一些實驗表明，在膠原蛋白存在的情況下，神經突和軸突的生長具有很強的趨化性[18]。
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (a-my-o-TROE-fik LAT-ur-ul skluh-ROE-sis), or ALS, is a
progressive nervous system disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord,causing loss of muscle control.
肌萎縮側索硬化症 (a-my-o-TROE-fik LAT-ur-ul skluh-ROE-sis) 或 ALS，是一種進行性神經系統疾病，會影響大腦和脊髓中的神經細胞，導致肌肉失去控制 .
總結以上：
組織中的膠原蛋白是能促進神經興奮的介面。
